الصفحة الرئيسية
الذكاء الاصطناعي
أحكام محاكم
كبسولة قانونية
مقالات
المؤلفات
كل المؤلفات
كتب قانونية
قوانين
الأخبار
العود
nt3ga
6/13/2026
العود
. Need no Markdown. Need no title. Need maybe lang="ar" dir="rtl". Final only HTML. Need maybe avoid h1. Need maybe include "المصطلح: العود" but user says don't put title inside content; maybe avoid. Could include meta? HTML only; maybe etc. Is that considered title? It has
? "لا تضع عنوان المقال داخل المحتوى" Could include <title> maybe not? Better no <title>, just article. But "HTML فقط" could be fragment. Need final result only inside HTML. We can output <article dir="rtl" lang="ar"> with h2. No maybe. But "HTML only" maybe acceptable. We can include <section> etc. Need ensure no markdown. Need maybe "العقوبة" classification. Need maybe "العائد" "المعتاد". Let's craft professional Arabic. Need maybe "لا يُعد العود قرينة مطلقة لا تقبل النقض..." In legal style. Need avoid "نقض" case numbers. Could say "تستقر الاجتهادات على..." but no citations. Need maybe "بحسب النظام الجنائي المطبق". Good. Need "لا تكتب تفكيرك الداخلي أو خطوات التحليل." final only. Good. Let's formulate. Potential article: <article dir="rtl" lang="ar"> <h2>مقدمة</h2> <p>يحتل مبدأ العود مكانة بارزة في السياسة الجنائية... إذ يعالج حالة الجاني الذي لا تكفيه العقوبة السابقة...</p> ... </article> Need maybe "العود" as "الرجوع إلى ارتكاب الجريمة بعد صدور حكم سابق بالإدانة وتنفيذ العقوبة أو انقضائها، وفق شروط القانون." But in some systems, recidivism can be after final conviction regardless of serving? Actually in many penal codes, "if he has been sentenced to felony or misdemeanor, and commits felony/misdemeanor within certain period from expiration of sentence or prescription" etc. Some require previous conviction final and expiration or prescription. In some, "after final conviction" not necessarily served. Need phrase "أو انقضائها أو انقضاء آثارها حسب النظام المطبق" to be accurate. Need "التعريف الاصطلاحي": "العود في الاصطلاح الجنائي هو حالة قانونية تتقرر في حق شخص ارتكب جريمة جديدة بعد أن صدر بحقه حكم بات بالإدانة عن جريمة سابقة، وتوافرت الشروط التي جعلها المشرع أساساً لتشديد العقوبة." Good. Need "الشرح القانوني": "ليس وصفاً أخلاقياً بل ظرفاً قانونياً..." "ينصرف غالباً إلى الجرائم العمدية" "العود العام/الخاص". "الأثر: تشديد العقوبة، منع أو تقييد وقف التنفيذ/الإفراج، تدابير مراقبة". "القاضي مقيد بشروط القانون، لا يقرر العود من تلقاء نفسه إلا عند تحققها، ولا يترتب عليه مضاعفة العقوبة إلا بالقدر الذي يجيزه النص." Need "أركان": 1) حكم سابق بات بالإدانة عن جريمة تدخل في نطاق القانون. 2) صفة الجاني/المسؤولية الجنائية. 3) جريمة لاحقة جديدة. 4) الرابطة الزمنية. 5) الرابطة الموضوعية إذا كان العود خاص. 6) عدم زوال أثر الحكم السابق. 7) الأثر العقابي (تشديد). But "أركان" maybe include "الركن القانوني" and "الركن القضائي". Need not overcomplicate. Need "مثال عملي": "حكم على (س) نهائياً بالسرقة، وانقضت العقوبة، ثم خلال المدة القانونية سرق من محل تجاري. هنا تتوافر عناصر العود الخاص إذا نص القانون على اعتبار جرائم الأموال..." Then "أما إذا ارتكب جريمة مختلفة خارج نطاق العود الخاص أو بعد انقضاء المدة، فلا يوصف بالعود، وتبقى السابقة مؤثرة فقط في تقدير شخصية الجاني." Good. Need "الفرق": table. Need include "العودة" maybe "العودة إلى حالة" not legal. "الرجوع في الطعن" no. Need "المصطلحات المشابهة": "تعدد الجرائم"، "التكرار"، "السوابق القضائية"، "الظرف المشدد"، "العادة الإجرامية"، "العقوبة المشددة/التدابير الاحترازية". Good. Need maybe "خاتمة": "العود أداة قانونية لتقدير خطورة الجاني، لكنه استثناء على قاعدة العقوبة الأصلية، فيفسر تضييقاً، ولا يتحقق إلا بتوافر شروطه، ويجب أن يوازن بين الردع وإعادة الإدماج." Good. Need maybe "HTML only" no Markdown. Tables are HTML. Good. Need decide whether to include <h2> exactly. Yes. Need maybe "مقالاً قانونياً عربياً احترافياً" Could include legal Arabic style. Potential issue: "لا تضع عنوان المقال داخل المحتوى" We shouldn't include "العود" heading outside h2? We can include in intro. Fine. Need maybe "لا تستخدم Markdown": no bullet hyphen. Use <ul>. Need maybe "لا تخترع أرقام طعون أو أحكام نقض": we won't cite. Need maybe "HTML فقط" Should not include code fences. final contains only HTML. Good. Let's craft final with moderate detail. Desired overwordiness medium. Need not too long but professional. Could be around 1000-1500 words? Maybe 1200. But "مقالاً قانونياً" maybe 1000. Need no title. Let's produce. Need maybe include "العودة" in Islamic law? Maybe classification "العقوبة" might refer to "العود" in "العقوبات التعزيرية" where "العود" to crime after العقوبة. But modern enough. Could mention "في بعض الأنظمة، لا يترتب العود على الجرائم غير العمدية إلا بنص خاص." Good. Need maybe "الركن السابق" "الحكم السابق يجب أن يكون قابلاً للاعتداد به" "لا يعتد بالأحكام الغيابية غير المكتسبة للقطعية، أو المحكوم عليها بعفو شامل، أو المحو، أو أحكام الأحداث إذا نص القانون على عدم الاعتبار." Good. Need maybe "الركن اللاحق" "الجريمة اللاحقة يجب أن تكون واقعة بعد تمام الحكم السابق لا قبله". Good. Need maybe "الركن الزمني" "بين تاريخ تمام الحكم أو انقضاء العقوبة وتاريخ ارتكاب الجريمة الجديدة حسب القانون." Good. Need "الركن الشخصي" "ذات الشخص". Good. Need "الركن الموضوعي" "تشابه أو اختلاف الجرائم حسب العود العام/الخاص". Good. Need "الركن القانوني" "نص صريح". Good. 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